xclipse-vulkan-decompiled

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xclipse-vulkan-decompiled

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Reverse-engineered source code of Samsung's proprietary Vulkan driver (vulkan.samsung.so) for Xclipse GPUs. Reveals the hidden AMDVLK/PAL stack and disabled hardware features (BCn textures).

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ZIP 다운로드

- all_dynamic_symbols.txt
- all_func_signatures.txt
- all_source_files.txt
- all_strings_raw.txt
- amd_pal_strings.txt
- assert_messages.txt
- decomp_vkCreateInstance.txt
- exported_functions.txt
- func_signatures.txt
- samsung_strings.txt
- vk_strings.txt
- vulkan_strings.txt
- vk_formats.h
- android_hal.c
- pal_device.h
- sbwc_helper.h
- sgpu_kernel.h
- sgr_interface.h
- shader_compiler.h
- vk_device.c
- vk_instance.c
- vk_pipeline.c
README.md

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// repository documentation

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<h1 align="center">🔓 Samsung Xclipse Vulkan Driver — Decompiled</h1>

Full reverse engineering of Samsung's proprietary Vulkan GPU driver for Xclipse (Exynos) hardware. 
 Exposing the AMDVLK stack Samsung doesn't want you to see.

---

## 📖 What Is This?

This repository contains the **decompiled and reconstructed source code** of Samsung's closed-source Vulkan driver (`vulkan.samsung.so`) — the GPU driver that powers the **Xclipse GPUs** found in Samsung Exynos chipsets (Galaxy S23, S24, and newer Exynos variants).

Through binary analysis, symbol extraction, disassembly, and string reconstruction, we have mapped out the **complete architecture** of the driver, revealing that Samsung's "proprietary" driver is built almost entirely on top of **AMD's open-source AMDVLK + PAL + SC stack**.

> **TL;DR:** Samsung took AMD's open-source Vulkan driver (MIT-licensed), made minor modifications, added their HAL wrapper, **disabled hardware features that actually work** (like BCn texture compression), and shipped it as a closed binary. This project documents everything we found.

---

## 🔥 Key Discoveries

### Samsung's Driver = AMD's Open-Source Code + Wrapper

| Component | Origin | License |
|-----------|--------|---------|
| Vulkan ICD (frontend) | AMD XGL | MIT (open-source) |
| Platform Abstraction Layer | AMD PAL | MIT (open-source) |
| Shader Compiler | AMD SC | Proprietary (closed) |
| Android HAL wrapper | Samsung | Proprietary |
| Gralloc interface (SGR) | Samsung | Proprietary |
| SBWC compression | Samsung | Proprietary |

Samsung's actual contribution is **~5%** of the codebase. The remaining **~95%** is AMD's open-source code compiled without changes.

### 🚫 Hardware Features Disabled by Software

Samsung **deliberately disables** texture compression formats that the Xclipse GPU hardware fully supports:

| Format | Hardware Support | Samsung Driver | Status |
|--------|:---:|:---:|---|
| BC1-BC3 (S3TC) | ✅ Yes | ✅ Enabled | OK |
| BC4 (RGTC1) | ✅ Yes | ❌ **Disabled** | Software block |
| BC5 (RGTC2) | ✅ Yes | ❌ **Disabled** | Software block |
| BC6H (BPTC float) | ✅ Yes | ❌ **Disabled** | Software block |
| BC7 (BPTC) | ✅ Yes | ❌ **Disabled** | Software block |

> These formats are critical for game textures and are supported by **every other RDNA2 GPU on the market**. Samsung disabled them in a software configuration table, not because of any hardware limitation.

### 🏗️ Internal Architecture

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    Android System                        │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  HMI (hw_module_t)          ← Samsung HAL Wrapper       │
│  └─ Samsung::Vulkan::OpenDevice / CloseDevice            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  VK ICD Layer                ← AMD XGL (open-source)     │
│  ├─ vkCreateInstance  (instance: 0xdb48 bytes)           │
│  ├─ vkCreateDevice                                       │
│  ├─ vk::PipelineCompiler  → SC (shader compiler)        │
│  └─ 60+ device extensions                               │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  PAL (Platform Abstraction)  ← AMD PAL (open-source)     │
│  ├─ Pal::Device, Pal::Queue, Pal::GpuMemory             │
│  ├─ Pal::MGfx::HwDevice  (mobile graphics path)         │
│  └─ Pal::Linux::OsDevice → DRM/KMS interface            │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  Samsung Integrations                                    │
│  ├─ SGR (Samsung Graphics Resource / Gralloc)            │
│  ├─ SBWC (Samsung Bandwidth Compression for video)       │
│  └─ sgpu_query_soc_info() (Exynos SoC detection)        │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│  SGPU Kernel Driver          ← Fork of amdgpu           │
│  └─ /dev/dri/renderD128                                  │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

---

## 📂 Repository Structure

```
samsung_vulkan_source/
│
├── 📄 README.md                     ← You are here
│
├── 📁 hal/                          ← Android Hardware Abstraction Layer
│   └── android_hal.c                   HMI entry point (hw_module_t export)
│                                       Samsung::Vulkan::OpenDevice / CloseDevice
│
├── 📁 vk_icd/                       ← Vulkan ICD (Installable Client Driver)
│   ├── vk_instance.c                   vkCreateInstance — reconstructed from
│   │                                   1500+ lines of AArch64 disassembly
│   ├── vk_device.c                     Physical device enumeration, 60+ extensions,
│   │                                   hardware limits, Vulkan 1.3 feature set
│   └── vk_pipeline.c                   Pipeline compiler + shader compilation
│                                       interface with AMD SC backend
│
├── 📁 pal/                           ← AMD Platform Abstraction Layer
│   └── pal_device.h                    Pal::Device, Pal::Linux::OsDevice,
│                                       queues, GPU memory, fence management,
│                                       GfxIpLevel enum with GFX40x additions
│
├── 📁 sgpu/                          ← Samsung GPU Kernel Interface
│   └── sgpu_kernel.h                   70+ kernel functions:
│                                       amdgpu_bo_*, amdgpu_cs_*, amdgpu_va_*,
│                                       + Samsung extensions (sgpu_query_soc_info)
│
├── 📁 sgr/                           ← Samsung Graphics Resource (Gralloc)
│   └── sgr_interface.h                 DCC metadata (Delta Color Compression),
│                                       plane layouts, buffer properties,
│                                       GPU compression settings
│
├── 📁 sbwc/                          ← Samsung Bandwidth Compression
│   └── sbwc_helper.h                   SBWC format handling for YUV video:
│                                       NV12, NV21, P010 with lossy modes
│
├── 📁 shader_compiler/              ← Shader Compiler Interface
│   └── shader_compiler.h              GFX40x ASIC targets (401-405),
│                                       Wave32/64, NGG state, SPIR-V → ISA
│
├── 📁 features/                      ← Feature & Format Tables
│   └── vk_formats.h                    221 Vulkan formats, BCn disable
│                                       documentation, re-enabling instructions
│
└── 📁 extracted_data/                ← Raw Binary Extraction Artifacts
    ├── all_dynamic_symbols.txt          830+ dynamic symbols from .dynsym
    ├── exported_functions.txt           Demangled function exports
    ├── all_strings_raw.txt              ~39,000 printable strings (2.6 MB)
    ├── samsung_strings.txt              Samsung/SGPU/Xclipse specific strings
    ├── amd_pal_strings.txt              AMD PAL architecture identifiers
    ├── all_source_files.txt             Original source paths from debug info
    ├── assert_messages.txt              Debug assertions with logic details
    ├── func_signatures.txt              C++ function signature patterns
    ├── all_func_signatures.txt          Aggregated unique signatures
    ├── vk_strings.txt                   Vulkan API string references
    └── decomp_vkCreateInstance.txt      Full recursive disassembly (315 KB)
```

---

## 🎯 Use Cases

### 🔧 Re-enable BCn Texture Compression
Samsung disabled BC4-BC7 formats via a software configuration table. You can re-enable them through a **Vulkan Layer** that intercepts `vkGetPhysicalDeviceFormatProperties()`. See [`features/vk_formats.h`](features/vk_formats.h) for detailed instructions.

### 🏗️ Build an Open-Source Xclipse Driver
Using the architectural knowledge from this reverse engineering, we are building a fully open-source Vulkan driver based on AMDVLK. The Xclipse GPU is RDNA2-compatible (GfxIp10_3 class) — the same architecture as AMD's Radeon RX 6000 series.

### 🔍 Understand Samsung's GPU Stack
This documentation provides the most complete public reference for understanding how Samsung integrates AMD's GPU technology into Exynos SoCs, including the proprietary gralloc (SGR), video compression (SBWC), and kernel driver (SGPU) interfaces.

### 🛡️ Develop Custom Vulkan Layers
The detailed function signatures and interface definitions enable development of Vulkan layers for performance monitoring, feature overriding, and debugging on Xclipse hardware.

---

## 📊 Binary Analysis Summary

```
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ vulkan.samsung.so                                     │
├──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│ File Size        44,514,072 bytes (44.5 MB)           │
│ Architecture     AArch64 (ARM 64-bit, Android)        │
│ Type             ELF shared object (.so)              │
│ Dynamic Symbols  830+                                 │
│ Strings          ~39,000 printable                    │
│ Vulkan API       1.3 (with 60+ extensions)            │
│ GPU Target       Xclipse 920/940 (RDNA2, GFX40x)     │
│ Vendor ID        0x1002 (AMD)                         │
│ Instance Size    0xdb48 bytes                         │
│ Instance Magic   0x01cdc0de                           │
│ Format Table     221 entries                          │
│ Shader Stages    12 (including ray tracing)           │
└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

---

## ⚖️ On Samsung's Use of Open-Source Code

Samsung's use of AMD's MIT-licensed code is **legally permissible** — the MIT license explicitly allows proprietary redistribution. However, this project highlights several concerns:

| Practice | Assessment |
|----------|-----------|
| Using MIT code in closed binaries | ✅ Legal |
| Not contributing modifications back | ⚠️ Against open-source spirit |
| Disabling hardware features via software | ❌ Anti-consumer |
| Leaving AMD debug strings in production binary | 🤦 Careless |
| Shipping unoptimized code paths | 📉 Performance impact |

The existence of **full AMD PAL function signatures**, **AMDVLK source paths**, and **SC compiler debug strings** inside the production binary makes it trivially easy to confirm the origin of the code.

---

## 🤝 Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Areas where help is needed:

- **Binary analysis**: Further disassembly of unexplored functions
- **Format patching**: Testing BCn re-enablement on real devices
- **Driver development**: Helping build the open-source AMDVLK-based driver
- **Documentation**: Improving interface documentation from new findings
- **Testing**: Running Vulkan conformance tests on Xclipse hardware

---

## 📋 Supported Hardware

| Device | SoC | GPU | Status |
|--------|-----|-----|--------|
| Galaxy S23 (Exynos) | Exynos 2200 | Xclipse 920 | ✅ Primary target |
| Galaxy S24 (Exynos) | Exynos 2400 | Xclipse 940 | ✅ Supported |
| Galaxy S25 (Exynos) | Exynos 2500 | Xclipse (TBD) | 🔄 Expected compatible |

> ⚠️ **Snapdragon variants** of these phones use Qualcomm Adreno GPUs and are NOT covered by this project.

---

## 📜 License

This reverse engineering work is conducted for **educational and interoperability purposes** under fair use principles.

The reconstructed code represents **independent documentation of interfaces** — it is not a copy of Samsung's proprietary implementation. All code in this repository has been independently written based on observations from binary analysis.

The original AMDVLK/PAL code that Samsung's driver is based on is available under the **MIT License** at [GPUOpen-Drivers](https://github.com/GPUOpen-Drivers).

```
MIT License

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
```

---

Made with 🔬 reverse engineering and ☕ determination 
 Because GPU drivers should be open.

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