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cdh-twitter-example

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Example application for analyzing Twitter data using CDH - Flume, Oozie, Hive

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- flume.conf
- pom.xml
- pom.xml
- add_partition.q
- coord-app.xml
- hive-action.xml
- job.properties
.gitignore
README.md

# Installation Guide

1. Get the code

git clone https://github.com/cloudera/cdh-twitter-example

Downloads the entire project code from GitHub to your computer.

cd cdh-twitter-example

Moves into the project folder you just downloaded.

2. Maven (Java)

Medium Recommended

Prerequisites

Git Needed to download the project code from GitHub.
JDK (Java) Required to build and run Java projects.
Maven The build tool used for the mvn command.

cd flume-sources

This project's files live in a subfolder, so move into it first.

mvn clean install

Installs dependencies and builds the project using Maven.

✅ A BUILD SUCCESS message means it worked. The output is created under target/.

// repository documentation

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Analyzing Twitter Data Using CDH
===================

This repository contains an example application for analyzing Twitter data using a variety of CDH components, including [Flume](http://flume.apache.org), [Oozie](http://incubator.apache.org/oozie), and [Hive](http://hive.apache.org).

Getting Started
---------------

1. **Install Cloudera Manager 4.8 and CDH4**

Before you get started with the actual application, you'll first need CDH4 installed. Specifically, you'll need Hadoop, Flume, Oozie, and Hive. The easiest way to get the core components is to use Cloudera Manager to set up your initial environment. You can download Cloudera Manager from the [Cloudera website](https://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera-content/cloudera-docs/CM4Ent/latest/Cloudera-Manager-Version-and-Download-Information/Cloudera-Manager-Version-and-Download-Information.html), or install [CDH](http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera/en/products-and-services/cdh.html) manually.

If you go the Cloudera Manager route, you'll still need to [install Flume manually](http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera-content/cloudera-docs/CM4Free/4.5.1/Cloudera-Manager-Free-Edition-User-Guide/cmfeug_topic_5_1.html).

2. **Install MySQL**

MySQL is the recommended database for the Oozie database and the Hive metastore. Click [here](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/linux-installation-native.html) for installation documentation.

Configuring Flume (Cloudera Manager path)
------------------

1. **Build or Download the custom Flume Source**

A pre-built version of the custom Flume Source is available [here](http://files.cloudera.com/samples/flume-sources-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar).

The `flume-sources` directory contains a Maven project with a custom Flume source designed to connect to the Twitter Streaming API and ingest tweets in a raw JSON format into HDFS.

To build the flume-sources JAR, from the root of the git repository:

<pre>
   $ cd flume-sources  
   $ mvn package
   $ cd ..  
   </pre>

This will generate a file called `flume-sources-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar` in the `target` directory.

2. **Add the JAR to the Flume classpath**

Copy `flume-sources-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar` to `/usr/lib/flume-ng/plugins.d/twitter-streaming/lib/flume-sources-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar`
and also to 
`/var/lib/flume-ng/plugins.d/twitter-streaming/lib/flume-sources-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar`, just to be sure (actually, refer to Plugin Directories in Cloudera manager->flume->configuration->Agent(Default)). If those places don't exist, `sudo mkdir` them.
3. **Configure Flume agent in Cloudera Manager Web UI flume**

Go to the Flume Service page (by selecting Flume service from the Services menu or from the All Services page).
    
    Pull down the `Configuration` tab, and select `View and Edit`.
    
    Select the Agent (Default) in the left hand column. 
    
    Set the Agent Name property to `TwitterAgent` whose configuration is defined in flume.conf.

Copy the contents of flume.conf file, in its entirety, into the Configuration File field. -- If you wish to edit the keywords and add Twitter API related data, now might be the right time to do it. 
    
    Click `Save Changes` button.
    
Setting up Hive
----------------

1. **Build or Download the JSON SerDe**

A pre-built version of the JSON SerDe is available [here](http://files.cloudera.com/samples/hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar).

The `hive-serdes` directory contains a Maven project with a JSON SerDe which enables Hive to query raw JSON data.

To build the hive-serdes JAR, from the root of the git repository:

<pre>
   $ cd hive-serdes    
   $ mvn package  
   $ cd ..  
   </pre>

This will generate a file called `hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar` in the `target` directory.

2. **Create the Hive directory hierarchy**

<pre>
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir /user/hive/warehouse   
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown -R hive:hive /user/hive  
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod 750 /user/hive  
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chmod 770 /user/hive/warehouse  
    </pre>

You'll also want to add whatever user you plan on executing Hive scripts with to the hive Unix group:

<pre>$ sudo usermod -a -G hive &lt;username&gt;</pre>

3. **Configure the Hive metastore**

The Hive metastore should be configured to use MySQL. Follow these [instructions](http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera-content/cloudera-docs/CDH4/4.2.0/CDH4-Installation-Guide/cdh4ig_topic_18_4.html) to configure the metastore. Make sure to install the MySQL JDBC driver in `/var/lib/hive/lib`.

4. **Create the tweets table**

Run `hive`, and execute the following commands:

<pre>
    ADD JAR &lt;path-to-hive-serdes-jar&gt;;
    
    CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE tweets (
      id BIGINT,
      created_at STRING,
      source STRING,
      favorited BOOLEAN,
      retweeted_status STRUCT&lt;
        text:STRING,
        user:STRUCT&lt;screen_name:STRING,name:STRING&gt;,
        retweet_count:INT&gt;,
      entities STRUCT&lt;
        urls:ARRAY&lt;STRUCT&lt;expanded_url:STRING&gt;&gt;,
        user_mentions:ARRAY&lt;STRUCT&lt;screen_name:STRING,name:STRING&gt;&gt;,
        hashtags:ARRAY&lt;STRUCT&lt;text:STRING&gt;&gt;&gt;,
      text STRING,
      user STRUCT&lt;
        screen_name:STRING,
        name:STRING,
        friends_count:INT,
        followers_count:INT,
        statuses_count:INT,
        verified:BOOLEAN,
        utc_offset:INT,
        time_zone:STRING&gt;,
      in_reply_to_screen_name STRING
    ) 
    PARTITIONED BY (datehour INT)
    ROW FORMAT SERDE 'com.cloudera.hive.serde.JSONSerDe'
    LOCATION '/user/flume/tweets';</pre>

The table can be modified to include other columns from the Twitter data, but they must have the same name, and structure as the JSON fields referenced in the [Twitter documentation](https://dev.twitter.com/docs/tweet-entities).

Prepare the Oozie workflow
--------------------------

1. **Configure Oozie to use MySQL**

If using Cloudera Manager, Oozie can be reconfigured to use MySQL via the service configuration page on the Databases tab. Make sure to restart the Oozie service after reconfiguring. You will need to install the MySQL JDBC driver in `/usr/lib/oozie/libext`.

If Oozie was installed manually, Cloudera provides [instructions](http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera-content/cloudera-docs/CDH4/4.2.1/CDH4-Installation-Guide/cdh4ig_topic_17_6.html) for configuring Oozie to use MySQL.

2. **Create a lib directory and copy any necessary external JARs into it**

External JARs are provided to Oozie through a `lib` directory in the workflow directory. The workflow will need a copy of the MySQL JDBC driver and the hive-serdes JAR.

<pre>
    $ mkdir oozie-workflows/lib
    $ cp hive-serdes/target/hive-serdes-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar oozie-workflows/lib
    $ cp /var/lib/oozie/mysql-connector-java.jar oozie-workflows/lib
    </pre>

3. **Copy hive-site.xml to the oozie-workflows directory**

To execute the Hive action, Oozie needs a copy of `hive-site.xml`.

<pre>
    $ sudo cp /etc/hive/conf/hive-site.xml oozie-workflows
    $ sudo chown &lt;username&gt;:&lt;username&gt; oozie-workflows/hive-site.xml
    </pre>

4. **Copy the oozie-workflows directory to HDFS**

<pre>$ hadoop fs -put oozie-workflows /user/&lt;username&gt;/oozie-workflows</pre>

5. **Install the Oozie ShareLib in HDFS**

<pre>
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -mkdir /user/oozie
    $ sudo -u hdfs hadoop fs -chown oozie:oozie /user/oozie
    </pre>

In order to use the Hive action, the Oozie ShareLib must be installed. Installation instructions can be found [here](http://www.cloudera.com/content/cloudera-content/cloudera-docs/CDH4/4.2.1/CDH4-Installation-Guide/cdh4ig_topic_17_6.html).

Starting the data pipeline
------------------------

1. **Start the Flume agent**

Create the HDFS directory hierarchy for the Flume sink. Make sure that it will be accessible by the user running the Oozie workflow.  
    
    <pre>
    $ hadoop fs -mkdir /user/flume/tweets
    $ hadoop fs -chown -R flume:flume /user/flume
    $ hadoop fs -chmod -R 770 /user/flume
    $ sudo /etc/init.d/flume-ng-agent start
    </pre>
    
    If using Cloudera Manager, start Flume agent from Cloudera Manager Web UI.

2. **Adjust the start time of the Oozie coordinator workflow in job.properties**

You will need to modify the `job.properties` file, and change the `jobStart`, `jobEnd`, and `initialDataset` parameters. The start and end times are in UTC, because the version of Oozie packaged in CDH4 does not yet support custom timezones for workflows. The initial dataset should be set to something before the actual start time of your job in your local time zone. Additionally, the `tzOffset` parameter should be set to the difference between the server's timezone and UTC. By default, it is set to -8, which is correct for US Pacific Time.

3. **Start the Oozie coordinator workflow**
    
    <pre>$ oozie job -oozie http://&lt;oozie-host&gt;:11000/oozie -config oozie-workflows/job.properties -run</pre>