Complete-Placement-Prepration

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Complete-Placement-Prepration

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This repository consists of all the necessary questions and their solutions required for cracking the coding rounds and technical interviews at tech companies as well. And this content will surely help you to crack your dream company. This material has been taken and combined from various different sources. It will be a complete roadmap for your pl

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# :gift: Placement-Preparation- Complete Roadmap :gift: 
 
This repository consists of all the necessary questions and their solutions required for cracking the coding rounds and technical interviews at tech companies as well. And this content will surely help you to crack your dream company. This material has been taken and combined from various different sources.
It will be a complete roadmap for your placement prep.
 
 
 
# 🚀 Getting Started
 
The folders above consist of all the required questions and their solutions as well, according to each topic
 
These resources helped me to get an internship at my Dream company ***Amazon*** and I hope it will help you too! 
I will keep on updating this repository, If I feel that anything is missing. 
 
Let me know,if you wish to add anything else to this content.
### :postbox: The pdfs added above consist of the ***500 Most asked questions on DSA in FAANG interviews- topicwise*** 
 
### THE PDF FILES CAN BE FOUND [HERE](pdfs)
### THE MARKDOWN FILES CAN BE FOUND [HERE](md)
 
 ***If you like the content and wish to support/sponsor it*** :heart:: 
# 🏆 What do I need to prepare for the interviews?

To get your dream company, you should be good in the following while facing an interview:

📘***Solid Data Structures and Algorithms.*** Deep understanding of these subjects, how to combine them, how to find/design suitable ones for a problem, etc. This is not surprising as indeed these are the most foundational topics on which much of CS rests.

📘***Strong in OOPS.*** OO Design and principles, subtle aspects of language, strong understanding of the language capability and limitations, its design and implementation.

📘***Good understanding of OS, DBMS, Networks.*** These subjects were highlighted whose understanding is extremely important on being a successful software engineer for high-end work.

📘***Ability to write well structured and efficient code.*** Ability to evaluate efficiency of the code at different levels – algo, DS, execution level (OS), hardware to reduce memory as well as time; understanding of different layers of the system, and ability to evaluate/assess the program at these different layers.

# 🏆 Picking a Language
Before anything else, you need to pick a programming language to do your interviews in. 
I do support learning and writing code in different programming languages. But when it comes to the programming interview preparation, I feel it’s important to choose one language to focus your prep on and get to know it very well.
It takes some time for languages to master, and if you spend most of your time and resources on mastering algorithms, there's hardly any spare effort left to master a new language. If you are comfortable with using one of the mainstream languages, only for interviews, there is no good need to learn a new language.
 
## Pick up a language you have worked with and you are confident with!

But if you have enough time, I'd suggest you to learn the most used languages during candidates (this is just my suggestion, you can also go with any other language you want or you are comfortable with): 
:closed_book: C++ 
:closed_book: Java 
:closed_book: Python 
:closed_book: C 
 
## Some of the languages used at various organisations as reported online:

:orange_book: Amazon: Java, Javascript, Ruby, Python, Perl [sources](https://www.quora.com/What-programming-languages-are-used-at-Amazon) 
:orange_book: Facebook: PHP, C++, Python, Java, Perl. High regard for dynamic/scripting languages. [sources](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3690092/what-programming-language-does-facebook-use) 
:orange_book: Google: C/C++, Java, Python, Javascript, Go [sources](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4773379/official-programming-languages-at-google) 
:orange_book: Microsoft: C++, C#, Java, Python [sources](http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Application-Development/Top-10-Microsoft-Programming-Languages-704642/) 
 
***Tip: Go for the language you are comfortable with, doing any kind of problem, solving things and writing code AND also please know about the internal functionalities as well and how different data structures are implemented in it.***
 
# 🏆 How can I best prepare for interviews? 
Practice writing code in a Google doc, then running test cases on the code and optimizing it. Below are some materials that will help. Inside the information there will be a few links, a video, and also a few practice problems to help you know what to expect. Here are the top notes:
You will be given a problem or puzzle to solve and you’ll need to talk about your approach and discuss the complexity of the solutions you are proposing. You will then need to code up your solution. You‘ll want to practice coding with the first 100-150 unsorted problems on LeetCode.

Always talk through your solution, explain any trade-offs you are making between time and memory and ask any questions you need to clarify the question. It is worthwhile to talk about your initial thoughts to a question, though a brute force solution will be received less well than taking time to compose a more efficient solution.

# 🏆  The sequence for studying Data Structures and Algorithms should be as follows:

1️⃣ [Arrays]
2️⃣ [String]
3️⃣ Searching\
4️⃣ Sorting\
5️⃣ Hashing\
6️⃣ Stack\
7️⃣ Queue\
8️⃣ Linked List\
9️⃣ Recursion\
1️⃣0️⃣ Backtracking\
1️⃣1️⃣ Tree\
1️⃣2️⃣ BST\
1️⃣3️⃣ Heap or priority queue\
1️⃣4️⃣ Graph\
1️⃣5️⃣ Greedy\
1️⃣6️⃣ Dynamic programming\
1️⃣7️⃣Trie

# 🏆 Technical Preparation tips:
 
The main areas software engineers should prepare to succeed at interview at FAANG:

📗 ***Algorithm Complexity:*** It's fairly critical that you understand big-O complexity analysis. Again
run some practice problems to get this down in application.

📗 ***Sorting:*** Know how to sort. Don't do bubble-sort. You should know the details of at least one
n*log(n) sorting algorithm, preferably two (say, quicksort and merge sort). Merge sort can be
highly useful in situations where quicksort is impractical, so take a look at it.

📗 ***Hashtables:*** Arguably the single most important data structure known to mankind. You absolutely
should know how they work. Be able to implement one using only arrays in your favorite
language, in about the space of one interview.

📗 ***Trees:*** Know about trees; basic tree construction, traversal and manipulation algorithms. 
Familiarize yourself with binary trees, n-ary trees, and trie-trees. Be familiar with at least one type
of balanced binary tree, whether it's a red/black tree, a splay tree or an AVL tree, and know how
it's implemented. Understand tree traversal algorithms: BFS and DFS, and know the difference
between inorder, postorder and preorder.

📗 ***Graphs:*** Graphs are really important. There are 3 basic ways to represent a graph in
memory (objects and pointers, matrix, and adjacency list); familiarize yourself with each
representation and its pros & cons. You should know the basic graph traversal algorithms:
breadth-first search and depth-first search. Know their computational complexity, their tradeoffs, and how to implement them in real code. If you get a chance, try to study up on fancier
algorithms, such as Dijkstra and A*.
 
📗 ***Other data structures:*** You should study up on as many other data structures and algorithms as
possible. You should especially know about the most famous classes of NP-complete problems,
such as traveling salesman and the knapsack problem, and be able to recognize them when an
interviewer asks you them in disguise. Find out what NP-complete means. 
 
📗 ***Mathematics:*** Some interviewers ask basic discrete math questions.
This is more prevalent at Google than at other companies because we are surrounded by
counting problems, probability problems, and other Discrete Math 101 situations. Spend some
time before the interview refreshing your memory on (or teaching yourself) the essentials of
combinatorics and probability. You should be familiar with n-choose-k problems and their ilk – the
more the better.
 
📗 ***Operating Systems:*** Know about processes, threads and concurrency issues. Know about locks
and mutexes and semaphores and monitors and how they work. Know about deadlock and
livelock and how to avoid them. Know what resources a processes needs, and a thread needs,
and how context switching works, and how it's initiated by the operating system and underlying
hardware. Know a little about scheduling. The world is rapidly moving towards multi-core, so
know the fundamentals of "modern" concurrency constructs. 
 
📗 ***Coding:*** You should know at least one programming language really well, and it should
preferably be C++ or Java. C# is OK too, since it's pretty similar to Java. You will be expected to
write some code in at least some of your interviews. You will be expected to know a fair amount
of detail about your favorite programming language.

# 🏆 SOME EXTRA TIPS:

## :beginner: Coding Practice
📒 [LeetCode](https://leetcode.com/)  (Go to Problems -> Algorithms)\
📒 [GeeksForGeeks](https://practice.geeksforgeeks.org/explore/?page=1)\
📒 [Hackerrank](https://www.hackerrank.com/)

## :beginner: General Interview Prep
📚 [GeeksforGeeks](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/) \
📚 [High Scalability](http://highscalability.squarespace.com/) \
📚 [Interview Puzzles](https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/category/puzzles/)
DONT FORGET TO CHECKOUT my followup article more better preparation [HERE](https://medium.com/getpieces/snippetizing-your-coding-interviews-4ec4eb2f0d89) - Has more tips and tricks on how I prepared!!
Will be soon adding resources for CS Fundamentals as well...
 
 
 
 ***Do star, fork and share the repo to show your support, it would help others too!***

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