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Ustring

(★ 398)

The Hoa\Ustring library.

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- Fromcode.php
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- Exception.php
- Search.php
- Ustring.php
- - Issue.php
  - Search.php
  - Ustring.php
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CHANGELOG.md
composer.json
README.md

# Installation Guide

1. Get the code

git clone https://github.com/hoaproject/Ustring

Downloads the entire project code from GitHub to your computer.

cd Ustring

Moves into the project folder you just downloaded.

2. PHP (Composer)

Easy Recommended

Prerequisites

Git Needed to download the project code from GitHub.
PHP A PHP runtime is required.
Composer The package manager used to install PHP libraries.

$ composer require hoa/ustring '~4.0'

Type this command into your terminal and run it.

$ composer install

Installs the PHP libraries listed in composer.json.

$ composer require --dev hoa/devtools

Type this command into your terminal and run it.

✅ Run it with a built-in server like php -S localhost:8000, then open http://localhost:8000 in your browser.

Pulled directly from this repo's README.

// repository documentation

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<p align="center">
  <img src="https://static.hoa-project.net/Image/Hoa.svg" alt="Hoa" width="250px" />
</p>

---

<p align="center">
  <a href="https://travis-ci.org/hoaproject/ustring"><img src="https://img.shields.io/travis/hoaproject/ustring/master.svg" alt="Build status" /></a>
  <a href="https://coveralls.io/github/hoaproject/ustring?branch=master"><img src="https://img.shields.io/coveralls/hoaproject/ustring/master.svg" alt="Code coverage" /></a>
  <a href="https://packagist.org/packages/hoa/ustring"><img src="https://img.shields.io/packagist/dt/hoa/ustring.svg" alt="Packagist" /></a>
  <a href="https://hoa-project.net/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/packagist/l/hoa/ustring.svg" alt="License" /></a>
</p>
<p align="center">
  Hoa is a <strong>modular</strong>, <strong>extensible</strong> and
  <strong>structured</strong> set of PHP libraries.<br />
  Moreover, Hoa aims at being a bridge between industrial and research worlds.
</p>

# Hoa\Ustring

[![Help on IRC](https://img.shields.io/badge/help-%23hoaproject-ff0066.svg)](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=#hoaproject)
[![Help on Gitter](https://img.shields.io/badge/help-gitter-ff0066.svg)](https://gitter.im/hoaproject/central)
[![Documentation](https://img.shields.io/badge/documentation-hack_book-ff0066.svg)](https://central.hoa-project.net/Documentation/Library/Ustring)
[![Board](https://img.shields.io/badge/organisation-board-ff0066.svg)](https://waffle.io/hoaproject/ustring)

This library allows to manipulate UTF-8 strings easily with some search
algorithms.

[Learn more](https://central.hoa-project.net/Documentation/Library/Ustring).

## Installation

With [Composer](https://getcomposer.org/), to include this library into
your dependencies, you need to
require [`hoa/ustring`](https://packagist.org/packages/hoa/ustring):

```sh
$ composer require hoa/ustring '~4.0'
```

For more installation procedures, please read [the Source
page](https://hoa-project.net/Source.html).

## Testing

Before running the test suites, the development dependencies must be installed:

```sh
$ composer install
```

Then, to run all the test suites:

```sh
$ vendor/bin/hoa test:run
```

For more information, please read the [contributor
guide](https://hoa-project.net/Literature/Contributor/Guide.html).

## Quick usage

We propose a quick overview of two usages: manipulate UTF-8 strings and one
search algorithm.

### Natural UTF-8 strings manipulation

The `Hoa\Ustring\Ustring` class allows to manipulate easily UTF-8 strings in a
very natural way. This class implements the `\ArrayAccess`, `\Countable` and
`\IteratorAggregate` interfaces. We will use the following examples:

```php
$french   = new Hoa\Ustring\Ustring('Je t\'aime');
$arabic   = new Hoa\Ustring\Ustring('أحبك');
$japanese = new Hoa\Ustring\Ustring('私はあなたを愛して');
```

To get the first character, we will do:

```php
var_dump(
    $french[0],  // string(1) "J"
    $arabic[0],  // string(2) "أ"
    $japanese[0] // string(3) "私"
);
```

And to get the last character, we will do `[-1]`. It supports unbounded (and
modulo) indexes.

We note that it cares about text **direction**. Look at `$arabic[0]`, it returns
`أ` and not `ك`. To get the direction, we can use the
`Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::getDirection` method (which call the
`Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::getCharDirection` static method), it returns either
`Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::LTR` (`0`) or `Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::RTL` (`1`):

```php
var_dump(
    $french->getDirection(),  // int(0)
    $arabic->getDirection(),  // int(1)
    $japanese->getDirection() // int(0)
);
```

Text direction is also important for the `append`, `prepend`, `pad`… methods on
`Hoa\Ustring\Ustring` for example.

To get the length of a string, we can use the `count` function:

```php
var_dump(
    count($french),  // int(9)
    count($arabic),  // int(4)
    count($japanese) // int(9)
);
```

We are also able to iterate over the string:

```php
foreach ($arabic as $letter) {
    var_dump($letter);
}

/**
 * Will output:
 *     string(2) "أ"
 *     string(2) "ح"
 *     string(2) "ب"
 *     string(2) "ك"
 */
```

Again, text direction is useful here. For `$arabic`, the iteration is done from
right to left.

Some static methods are helpful, such as `fromCode`, `toCode` or `isUtf8` on
`Hoa\Ustring\Ustring`:

```php
var_dump(
    Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::fromCode(0x1a9), // string(2) "Ʃ"
    Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::toCode('Ʃ'),     // int(425) == 0x1a9
    Hoa\Ustring\Ustring::isUtf8('Ʃ')      // bool(true)
);
```

We can also transform any text into ASCII:

```php
$emoji = new Hoa\Ustring\Ustring('I ❤ Unicode');
$maths = new Hoa\Ustring\Ustring('∀ i ∈ ℕ');

echo
    $emoji->toAscii(), "\n",
    $maths->toAscii(), "\n";

/**
 * Will output:
 *     I (heavy black heart) Unicode
 *     (for all) i (element of) N
 */
```

### Search algorithm

The `Hoa\Ustring\Search` implements search algorithms on strings.

For example, the `Hoa\Ustring\Search::approximated` method make a search by
approximated patterns (with *k* differences based upon the principle diagonal
monotony). If we search the word `GATAA` in `CAGATAAGAGAA` with 1 difference, we
will do:

```php
$search = Hoa\Ustring\Search::approximated(
    $haystack = 'CAGATAAGAGAA',
    $needle   = 'GATAA',
    $k        = 1
);
$solutions = array();

foreach ($search as $pos) {
    $solutions[] = substr($haystack, $pos['i'], $pos['l']);
}
```

We will found `AGATA`, `GATAA`, `ATAAG` and `GAGAA`.

The result is not very handy but the algorithm is much optimized and found many
applications.

## Documentation

The
[hack book of `Hoa\Ustring`](https://central.hoa-project.net/Documentation/Library/Ustring) contains
detailed information about how to use this library and how it works.

To generate the documentation locally, execute the following commands:

```sh
$ composer require --dev hoa/devtools
$ vendor/bin/hoa devtools:documentation --open
```

More documentation can be found on the project's website:
[hoa-project.net](https://hoa-project.net/).

## Getting help

There are mainly two ways to get help:

* On the [`#hoaproject`](https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=#hoaproject)
    IRC channel,
  * On the forum at [users.hoa-project.net](https://users.hoa-project.net).

## Contribution

Do you want to contribute? Thanks! A detailed [contributor
guide](https://hoa-project.net/Literature/Contributor/Guide.html) explains
everything you need to know.

## License

Hoa is under the New BSD License (BSD-3-Clause). Please, see
[`LICENSE`](https://hoa-project.net/LICENSE) for details.