HLD-JOURNEY

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# 🚀 HLD-JOURNEY | High Level System Design
### Scalable Systems • Distributed Architecture • FAANG-Grade Thinking
   
> **A complete High Level Design (HLD) learning repository**  
> Covering fundamentals → real-world features → full system design problems.

---

## 👨‍💻 Created By
***Harshal Chauhan***  
Backend Developer • System Design • Distributed Systems

🔗 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/harshal8411  
📧 Email: chauhanharshal8411@gmail.com

---

## 🎓 Mentors & Instructors
- **Rohit Negi Sir**  
- **Aditya Tandon Sir**

> This repository is inspired by industry-driven teaching and real-world system design practices.

---

## 🌟 About This Repository
This repository documents my **complete High Level Design journey**, starting from
basic system design fundamentals to **designing large-scale real-world systems like Bitly, Instagram, YouTube, WhatsApp & Google Docs**.

This is not about writing code.  
This is about **thinking like a system designer**.

You will learn:
- How systems scale
- Why trade-offs exist
- How real companies design architecture
- How to explain designs confidently in interviews

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## 🎯 Who Is This For?
✔ Backend Engineers  
✔ System Design Aspirants  
✔ FAANG / Product-Based Company Prep  
✔ Senior Engineer Aspirants  
✔ Anyone who wants architectural clarity

---

## 🧠 Skills You Will Gain
- System Design Thinking  
- Scalability & Reliability  
- Distributed Systems  
- CAP Theorem & Trade-offs  
- Load Balancing & Caching  
- Messaging Systems  
- Authentication & Authorization  
- Designing real-world products end-to-end

---

# 📘 COURSE STRUCTURE (HIGH LEVEL DESIGN)

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## 🔹 Module 1: Foundation & Basics  
*(Theory + Mini Use Cases)*

### Topics Covered:
1. What is System Design? Goals, Trade-offs, Protocols  
2. CAP Theorem – Consistency vs Availability  
3. Architecture Patterns – Monolith vs Microservices  
4. HLD Interview Framework & Thinking Process  
5. Load Balancing – Horizontal vs Vertical Scaling  
6. Consistent Hashing  
7. Caching (Types, When/Where/Why)  
8. Database Design (SQL vs NoSQL, Sharding, Indexing)  
9. Messaging Queues – Pub/Sub, Kafka, RabbitMQ  
10. Scaling to Millions of Users

---

## 🔹 Module 2: Real-World Features with Concepts

### Topics Covered:
1. Designing Authentication & Authorization System  
2. API Rate Limiting  
3. Building Rate Limiter (Leaky Bucket, Token Bucket)  
4. CDN & Static Content Delivery  
5. Monitoring, Logging & Health Checks  
6. Designing Search (Inverted Index, Ranking, Autocomplete)  
7. Notification System (Email / SMS / Push)  
8. File Upload System (Google Drive–like)

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## 🔹 Module 3: Complete System Design Problems

### End-to-End Designs:
1. URL Shortener (Bit.ly)  
2. Instagram Feed Design  
3. Zomato / Swiggy Design  
4. YouTube (Video Streaming Platform)  
5. WhatsApp / Chat Application  
6. Google Docs (Collaborative Editing)  
7. Twitter System Design

---

# 📘 LECTURE-WISE BREAKDOWN (MY JOURNEY)

---

## 🔹 Lecture 01: Introduction to HLD | Network Protocols
- What is High Level Design  
- HLD vs LLD  
- Role of a system designer  
- HTTP / HTTPS  
- TCP vs UDP  
- Request–response lifecycle

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## 🔹 Lecture 02: Scaling from 0 to Millions of Users
- System evolution  
- Single server → distributed systems  
- Horizontal vs vertical scaling  
- Identifying bottlenecks

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## 🔹 Lecture 03: CAP Theorem | BOTE | Monolith vs Microservices
- CAP theorem & trade-offs  
- Back of the Envelope calculations  
- Traffic & storage estimation  
- Monolith vs Microservices

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## 🔹 Lecture 04: Consistent Hashing | Load Balancers
- Consistent hashing ring  
- Node addition/removal  
- Load balancer types (L4 vs L7)

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## 🔹 Lecture 05: API Rate Limiting | Designing Rate Limiter
- Token bucket  
- Leaky bucket  
- Fixed vs sliding window  
- Designing scalable rate limiter

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## 🔹 Lecture 06: Designing URL Shortener (Bit.ly)
- Requirements  
- API design  
- DB schema  
- Scalability & fault tolerance

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## 🔹 Lecture 07: Designing Notification System
- Push vs pull  
- Fan-out strategies  
- Retry mechanisms  
- Message queues

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## 🔹 Lecture 08: Message Queues | Kafka | RabbitMQ (Part 1)
- Kafka architecture  
- Topics & partitions  
- Producers & consumers

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## 🔹 Lecture 09: Kafka (Part 2) | Caching
- Kafka internals  
- Consumer groups  
- Cache-aside pattern  
- Cache eviction (LRU, LFU, FIFO)

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## 🔹 Lecture 10: Authentication & Authorization System
- Auth vs Authorization  
- Session-based auth  
- Token-based auth  
- JWT & OAuth basics

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## 🔹 Lecture 11: Designing Search Autocomplete
- Trie-based search  
- Ranking  
- Caching results

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## 🔹 Lecture 12: Designing Instagram Feed | Idempotent APIs
- Feed generation  
- Push vs pull model  
- Fan-out strategies  
- Idempotent APIs

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## 🔹 Lecture 13: Designing YouTube | Video Streaming
- Upload pipeline  
- Encoding & CDN  
- Streaming challenges

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## 🔹 Lecture 14: Key-Value Store | NoSQL Architecture
- Partitioning  
- Replication  
- Consistency models

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## 🔹 Lecture 15: SQL Internals | B/B+ Trees | Indexing
- Database internals  
- Indexing strategies  
- Query optimization

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## 🔹 Lecture 16: Designing Google Docs | Collaborative Editing
- Real-time collaboration  
- Operational Transformation  
- Conflict resolution

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## 🔹 Lecture 17: Designing WhatsApp | API Gateway | Conclusion
- Messaging architecture  
- Delivery guarantees  
- API Gateway  
- Final HLD mindset

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## 🕒 Class Information
- **Class Timing:** Monday & Thursday (9–11 PM Live)  
- **Course Start:** July 2025  
- **Completion Certificate:** Yes

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## ⭐ How to Use This Repository
1️⃣ Read lecture-wise notes  
2️⃣ Focus on trade-offs, not perfection  
3️⃣ Draw diagrams yourself  
4️⃣ Practice explaining designs aloud  
5️⃣ Revise before interviews

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## ⭐ Support This Repository
If this repository helped you:
- ⭐ Star it  
- 🍴 Fork it  
- 🔗 Share it

---

## 🧠 Final HLD Philosophy
> Good system design is not about building everything  
> It is about **choosing the right trade-offs at scale**

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